Cannabinoid Encyclopedia

How a study was run

What does Formulation mean?

Product form, carrier, purity, and mixture details that affect evidence scope. 1

Simple definition

Formulation, in plain English

Product form, carrier, purity, and mixture details that affect evidence scope. 1

Why it matters

How this word is used in cannabinoid research

This word describes how a study was run. It can change whether the study is a close match for the question a reader is asking.

How to read it

Read the definition beside the study details, including dose, route, product, population, and outcome.

Common questions

Questions people ask

What does Formulation mean?

Product form, carrier, purity, and mixture details that affect evidence scope.

Why does Formulation matter?

This word describes how a study was run. It can change whether the study is a close match for the question a reader is asking.

Is Formulation proof that a cannabinoid works?

No. A definition helps explain the language. The related research pages and their sources show what was actually studied.

Sources

Research connected to this term

Definitions explain the word. These links show research records currently connected with it.

  1. 1
    A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Effectiveness and Safety of Melatonin and Three Formulations of Floraworks Proprietary TruCBN for Improving Sleep preliminary human PubMed 39204082
  2. 2
    Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol-rich cannabis extract in children with autism spectrum disorder: randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. preliminary human PubMed 35617670
  3. 3
    Effect of Preoperative Oral Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis Extract on Anxiety and Postoperative Pain after Endodontic Treatment: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. preliminary human PubMed 39505200
  4. 4
    Oral Cannabis Extract for Secondary Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Final Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II/III Trial. preliminary human PubMed 39151115
  5. 5
    Pharmacologic treatment of fibromyalgia: an update. insufficient PubMed 41142233
  6. 6
    The safety of studies with intravenous Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol in humans, with case histories. insufficient PubMed 21845389
See all 168 connected research sources
  1. 1
    A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Effectiveness and Safety of Melatonin and Three Formulations of Floraworks Proprietary TruCBN for Improving Sleep preliminary human PubMed 39204082
  2. 2
    Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol-rich cannabis extract in children with autism spectrum disorder: randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. preliminary human PubMed 35617670
  3. 3
    Effect of Preoperative Oral Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis Extract on Anxiety and Postoperative Pain after Endodontic Treatment: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. preliminary human PubMed 39505200
  4. 4
    Oral Cannabis Extract for Secondary Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Final Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II/III Trial. preliminary human PubMed 39151115
  5. 5
    Pharmacologic treatment of fibromyalgia: an update. insufficient PubMed 41142233
  6. 6
    The safety of studies with intravenous Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol in humans, with case histories. insufficient PubMed 21845389
  7. 7
    Cannabis-based medicines for chronic neuropathic pain in adults. insufficient PubMed 41548880
  8. 8
    Psychedelic use in individuals living with eating disorders or disordered eating: findings from the international MED-FED survey. insufficient PubMed 40708053
  9. 9
    Adverse events associated with medical cannabis reported within a centralized call center. preliminary human PubMed 42158949
  10. 10
    Serum cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and their native acid derivatives after transdermal application of a low-THC Cannabis sativa extract in beagles. insufficient PubMed 32735381
  11. 11
    Phytochemical Analysis of the Methanolic Extract and Essential Oil from Leaves of Industrial Hemp Futura 75 Cultivar: Isolation of a New Cannabinoid Derivative and Biological Profile Using Computational Approaches. insufficient PubMed 35807623
  12. 12
    Cannabinol for acute treatment of insomnia disorder in a randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial preliminary human PubMed 41698831
  13. 13
    Self-reported adverse events associated with ∆8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-8-THC) Use. insufficient PubMed 37217977
  14. 14
    Systematic review of drug-drug interactions of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, and Cannabis. insufficient PubMed 38868665
  15. 15
    Evaluating Delta-8-THC-Induced Psychosis: A Systematic Review. insufficient PubMed 39805119
  16. 16
    Prevalence of carboxy-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabiniol in antidoping samples. insufficient PubMed 38176407
  17. 17
    Delta-8, a Cannabis-Derived Tetrahydrocannabinol Isomer: Evaluating Case Report Data in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database. insufficient PubMed 36742440
  18. 18
    Unintentional ingestion of putative delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol by two youth requiring critical care: a case report. preliminary human PubMed 36941718
  19. 19
    Using Large Language Models to Support Content Analysis: A Case Study of ChatGPT for Adverse Event Detection. preliminary human PubMed 38696245
  20. 20
    Exploring Cannabidiol (CBD) and Cannabigerol (CBG) Safety Profile and Skincare Potential. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 39596290
  21. 21
    Cannabinoids in clinical practice. insufficient PubMed 11152013
  22. 22
    A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated-dose pilot study of the safety, tolerability, and preliminary effects of a cannabidiol (CBD)- and cannabigerol (CBG)-based beverage powder to support recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). preliminary human PubMed 37947792
  23. 23
    Comprehensive mini-review: therapeutic potential of cannabigerol - focus on the cardiovascular system. insufficient PubMed 40206058
  24. 24
    Cannabinoids: Therapeutic Applications, Mechanisms, and Challenges in Modern Medicine. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 42163693
  25. 25
    Safety study of cannabidiol products in healthy dogs. preliminary human PubMed 38496308
  26. 26
    Transcriptomic comparison on the mechanism of action of four major constituent cannabinoids in hemp extract. preliminary human PubMed 42057192
  27. 27
    Comparison on the mechanism and potency of hepatotoxicity among hemp extract and its four major constituent cannabinoids. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 39004335
  28. 28
    Physiological effect and pharmacokinetic evaluation of combined oral administration of cannabidiolic acid and cannabigerolic acid in dogs. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 41822224
  29. 29
    The Potential of Cannabichromene (CBC) as a Therapeutic Agent. insufficient PubMed 38777605
  30. 30
    Phytocannabinoids as Novel SGLT2 Modulators for Renal Glucose Reabsorption in Type 2 Diabetes Management. insufficient PubMed 40872492
  31. 31
    Therapeutic Potential of Minor Cannabinoids in Dermatological Diseases-A Synthetic Review. insufficient PubMed 37630401
  32. 32
    The Safety and Comparative Effectiveness of Non-Psychoactive Cannabinoid Formulations for the Improvement of Sleep: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial. preliminary human PubMed 37162192
  33. 33
    A systematic review of analytical methodologies capable of analysing phytocannabinoids in cosmetics. insufficient PubMed 38229238
  34. 34
    Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of membrane-active cannabichromene derivatives as potent antibacterial agents. preclinical PubMed 40580638
  35. 35
    Toxicological Evaluation and Pain Assessment of Four Minor Cannabinoids Following 14-Day Oral Administration in Rats. preclinical PubMed 37721989
  36. 36
    CBD, a precursor of THC in e-cigarettes. insufficient PubMed 33903673
  37. 37
    The antinociceptive activity and mechanism of action of cannabigerol. preclinical PubMed 36916438
  38. 38
    A Phase I, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single Ascending Dose, Multiple Dose, and Food Effect Trial of the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Highly Purified Cannabidiol in Healthy Subjects. insufficient PubMed 30374683
  39. 39
    Update on Cannabidiol in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy. insufficient PubMed 39585547
  40. 40
    A Phase I, Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Single-Dose Trial of the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Cannabidiol in Subjects with Mild to Severe Renal Impairment. insufficient PubMed 31802404
  41. 41
    Long-term safety and efficacy of highly purified cannabidiol for treatment refractory epilepsy. insufficient PubMed 33667843
  42. 42
    Final analysis of potential drug-drug interactions between highly purified cannabidiol and anti-seizure medications in an open-label expanded access program. insufficient PubMed 37593907
  43. 43
    Pure Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin and a Cannabis sativa extract with high content in Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin inhibit nitrite production in murine peritoneal macrophages. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 27498155
  44. 44
    Balancing risks and benefits of cannabis use: umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials and observational studies. insufficient PubMed 37648266
  45. 45
    Cannabis Use and the Risk for Psychosis and Affective Disorders. insufficient PubMed 31647377
  46. 46
    Relationships between cannabis use and mental disorders: assessing the coherence of evidence from studies with different methodologies. insufficient PubMed 42309106
  47. 47
    Cannabis and psychiatric disorders. insufficient PubMed 20562767
  48. 48
    The contribution of addictovigilance data to the French medical cannabis experimentation. preliminary human PubMed 39547825
  49. 49
    Role of cannabis in cardiovascular disorders. insufficient PubMed 28840009
  50. 50
    Increased vulnerability to atrial and ventricular arrhythmias caused by different types of inhaled tobacco or marijuana products. preclinical PubMed 36603937
  51. 51
    A Phase-2 Open-Label Trial of Cannabidiol to Treat Core and Associated Symptoms of Autism in Children and Adolescents Without Intellectual Disability. preliminary human PubMed 42204954
  52. 52
    Pharmacotherapies for cannabis use disorder. insufficient PubMed 41025421
  53. 53
    Clinical management of cannabis withdrawal. insufficient PubMed 34791767
  54. 54
    Cannabis and cannabinoids for symptomatic treatment for people with multiple sclerosis. insufficient PubMed 35510826
  55. 55
    The differential effects of medicinal cannabis on mental health: A systematic review. insufficient PubMed 40186931
  56. 56
    Product labeling accuracy and contamination analysis of commercially available cannabidiol product samples. insufficient PubMed 38562466
  57. 57
    Cannabinoids and monoaminergic system: implications for learning and memory. insufficient PubMed 39206116
  58. 58
    Adverse Effects of Recreational and Medical Cannabis. preliminary human PubMed 33897066
  59. 59
    Prenatal cannabinoid exposure and altered neurotransmission. insufficient PubMed 30771373
  60. 60
    Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition-A Systematic Review. insufficient PubMed 26858214
  61. 61
    Endocannabinoid signaling and long-term synaptic plasticity. insufficient PubMed 19575681
  62. 62
    Cannabinoids for Dermatological Applications: Mechanistic Insights, Clinical Evidence, and Emerging Nanotechnology-Enabled Delivery Strategies. insufficient PubMed 42076122
  63. 63
    Hexahydrocannabinol-induced rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury: a case report combining comprehensive toxicokinetic and metabolomic investigations. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 42106886
  64. 64
    [Not all drugs are the same]. insufficient PubMed 23974649
  65. 65
    Brands of Intoxicating Cannabis Products in Vape Shops: United States, 2023. insufficient PubMed 41324909
  66. 66
    Marijuana as a trigger of cardiovascular events: speculation or scientific certainty? insufficient PubMed 17005273
  67. 67
    Cardiovascular consequences of marijuana use. insufficient PubMed 12412838
  68. 68
    Acute Effects of Cannabis Inhalation on Arterial Stiffness, Vascular Endothelial Function, and Cardiac Function. insufficient PubMed 39575727
  69. 69
    Cannabis use and acute coronary syndrome. insufficient PubMed 30964363
  70. 70
    Endocannabinoids, blood pressure and the human heart. insufficient PubMed 18426501
  71. 71
    Cannabidiol in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy: an open-label interventional trial. preliminary human PubMed 26724101
  72. 72
    Cannabinoid treatment for autism: a proof-of-concept randomized trial. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 33536055
  73. 73
    Effect of Cannabidiol on Drop Seizures in the Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome. preliminary human PubMed 29768152
  74. 74
    Trial of Cannabidiol for Drug-Resistant Seizures in the Dravet Syndrome. preliminary human PubMed 28538134
  75. 75
    A new HPLC method with multiple detection systems for impurity analysis and discrimination of natural versus synthetic cannabidiol. insufficient PubMed 38940871
  76. 76
    Statewide Variation in Cannabinoid Regulations. insufficient PubMed 36848540
  77. 77
    Cannabis Contaminants Limit Pharmacological Use of Cannabidiol. insufficient PubMed 33013414
  78. 78
    Pesticides and trace elements in cannabis: Analytical and environmental challenges and opportunities. insufficient PubMed 31471034
  79. 79
    Cautious Hope for Cannabidiol (CBD) in Rheumatology Care. insufficient PubMed 32144889
  80. 80
    Current Therapeutic Cannabis Controversies and Clinical Trial Design Issues. insufficient PubMed 27683558
  81. 81
    Heavy metal and phthalate contamination and labeling integrity in a large sample of US commercially available cannabidiol (CBD) products. insufficient PubMed 35987236
  82. 82
    Cannabidiol Gummy Products: LC-MS/MS Assessment of Cannabinoid Concentrations. insufficient PubMed 40454463
  83. 83
    Acid-Catalyzed Conversion of Cannabidiol to Tetrahydrocannabinols: En Route to Demystifying Manufacturing Processes and Controlling the Reaction Outcomes. insufficient PubMed 40250991
  84. 84
    Potency Analysis of Medical Marijuana Products from New York State. preliminary human PubMed 31559335
  85. 85
    Delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol: a scoping review and commentary. insufficient PubMed 36710464
  86. 86
    The potential role of cannabinoids in dermatology. insufficient PubMed 31599175
  87. 87
    Cannabis and the skin. insufficient PubMed 34785006
  88. 88
    Cannabinoids in dermatology: a scoping review. preliminary human PubMed 30142706
  89. 89
    Cannabinoids and Their Receptors in Skin Diseases. insufficient PubMed 38003712
  90. 90
    Cannabidiol in Skin Health: A Comprehensive Review of Topical Applications in Dermatology and Cosmetic Science. insufficient PubMed 41008526
  91. 91
    Cannabis sativa and Skin Health: Dissecting the Role of Phytocannabinoids. insufficient PubMed 33851375
  92. 92
    Potential of cannabidiol as acne and acne scar treatment: novel insights into molecular pathways of pathophysiological factors. insufficient PubMed 38904694
  93. 93
    Endocannabinoid system and its modulation of brain, gut, joint and skin inflammation. insufficient PubMed 33909195
  94. 94
    The endocannabinoid system of the skin. A potential approach for the treatment of skin disorders. insufficient PubMed 30138623
  95. 95
    Sebaceous immunobiology - skin homeostasis, pathophysiology, coordination of innate immunity and inflammatory response and disease associations. insufficient PubMed 36439142
  96. 96
    The endocannabinoid system of the skin in health and disease: novel perspectives and therapeutic opportunities. insufficient PubMed 19608284
  97. 97
    Modulators of the endocannabinoid system influence skin barrier repair, epidermal proliferation, differentiation and inflammation in a mouse model. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 31350927
  98. 98
    Delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol, delta-10 tetrahydrocannabinol, and tetrahydrocannabinol-O acetate exposures reported to America's Poison Centers. insufficient PubMed 38686923
  99. 99
    Using Transformer-Based Topic Modeling to Examine Discussions of Delta-8 Tetrahydrocannabinol: Content Analysis. preliminary human PubMed 38127427
  100. 100
    Derivation of a health-based guidance value for Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) and its occurrence in food. preliminary human PubMed 41262681
  101. 101
    Delta-8 THC Retail Availability, Price, and Minimum Purchase Age. insufficient PubMed 36342930
  102. 102
    Hexahydrocannabinol: pharmacokinetics, systemic toxicity, and acute behavioral effects in Wistar rats. preclinical PubMed 40643195
  103. 103
    [Not Available]. preliminary human PubMed 39323250
  104. 104
    A Survey Study of Individuals Using Hexahydrocannabinol Cannabis Products: Use Patterns and Perceived Effects. insufficient PubMed 37934167
  105. 105
    Cannabimimetic and discriminative stimulus effects of hexahydrocannabinols in mice. preclinical PubMed 40176500
  106. 106
    The Psychiatric Consequences of Cannabinoids. insufficient PubMed 29678279
  107. 107
    Pharmacotherapies for cannabis dependence. insufficient PubMed 30687936
  108. 108
    Prevalence of Cannabis Withdrawal Symptoms Among People With Regular or Dependent Use of Cannabinoids: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. insufficient PubMed 32271390
  109. 109
    Effects of a cannabidiol/terpene formulation on sleep in individuals with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study. preliminary human PubMed 39167421
  110. 110
    Evaluating possible 'next day' impairment in insomnia patients administered an oral medicinal cannabis product by night: a pilot randomized controlled trial. preliminary human PubMed 38758300
  111. 111
    Cannabidiol-Enriched Extract Oil for Postoperative Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain Secondary to Endometriosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial-DREAMLAND Study. preliminary human PubMed 42261989
  112. 112
    Comparison of orally administered cannabis extract and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in treating patients with cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome: a multicenter, phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial from the Cannabis-In-Cachexia-Study-Group. preliminary human PubMed 16849753
  113. 113
    A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the safety and effects of CBN with and without CBD on sleep quality preliminary human PubMed 37796540
  114. 114
    Effectiveness of a Cannabinoids Supplement on Sleep and Mood in Adults With Subthreshold Insomnia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Trial. preliminary human PubMed 39980821
  115. 115
    Examining the hepatotoxic potential of cannabidiol, cannabidiol-containing hemp extract, and cannabinol at consumer-relevant exposure concentrations in primary human hepatocytes. insufficient PubMed 38924151
  116. 116
    [Cannabis: Effects in the Central Nervous System. Therapeutic, societal and legal consequences]. insufficient PubMed 27428345
  117. 117
    Review of NIOSH Cannabis-Related Health Hazard Evaluations and Research. insufficient PubMed 32053725
  118. 118
    Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of selected cannabinoids and terpenes from Cannabis Sativa employing human primary leukocytes. insufficient PubMed 36228902
  119. 119
    Cannabigerol (CBG): A Comprehensive Review of Its Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. insufficient PubMed 39598860
  120. 120
    Safety assessment and redox status in rats after chronic exposure to cannabidiol and cannabigerol. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 36796712
  121. 121
    Identification of Cannabigerol-Derived Dual CB2 Receptor Agonists and TRPM8 Antagonists with Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 40540228
  122. 122
    Cannabigerol Mitigates Haloperidol-Induced Vacuous Chewing Movements in Mice. insufficient PubMed 39699828
  123. 123
    Cannabigerol does not affect contextual fear memory in mice but modulates nociception in a sex-dependent manner. preclinical PubMed 40523564
  124. 124
    Non-psychotropic cannabinoids as inhibitors of TET1 protein. insufficient PubMed 35462234
  125. 125
    Cannabigerol and Cannabinoid Receptors in Major Depressive Disorder: Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In-vivo Analysis. insufficient PubMed 40326034
  126. 126
    Cannabigerol Is a Potential Therapeutic Agent in a Novel Combined Therapy for Glioblastoma. insufficient PubMed 33562819
  127. 127
    Could cannabigerol protect against neuroinflammation? Insights from an in vitro microglial study. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 41548647
  128. 128
    Under the umbrella of depression and Alzheimer's disease physiopathology: Can cannabinoids be a dual-pleiotropic therapy? insufficient PubMed 37414155
  129. 129
    The impact of cannabigerol exposure on human endometrial stromal cells decidualization. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 42107483
  130. 130
    The Cytotoxic Effects of Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol on Glioblastoma Stem Cells May Mostly Involve GPR55 and TRPV1 Signalling. insufficient PubMed 36497400
  131. 131
    Cannabigerol and Cannabichromene Induce Lung Cancer Cell Death and Apoptosis-Contribution of PPARα to Cannabigerol Effects. insufficient PubMed 42352060
  132. 132
    Identifying and Quantifying Cannabinoids in Biological Matrices in the Medical and Legal Cannabis Era. insufficient PubMed 32628766
  133. 133
    Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation of cannabinoids in human plasma and tissues. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 36272108
  134. 134
    Therapeutic potential of phytocannabinoids in depression and cognitive dysfunction: Evidence from preclinical models. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 41934896
  135. 135
    Single dose and chronic oral administration of cannabigerol and cannabigerolic acid-rich hemp extract in fed and fasted dogs: Physiological effect and pharmacokinetic evaluation. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 35246858
  136. 136
    High Cannabigerol Hemp Extract Moderates Colitis and Modulates the Microbiome in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Model. preclinical PubMed 39009468
  137. 137
    Orally Administered CBD/CBG Hemp Extract Reduces Severity of Ulcerative Colitis and Pain in a Murine Model. preclinical PubMed 40943856
  138. 138
    A cannabigerol-rich Cannabis sativa extract, devoid of [INCREMENT]9-tetrahydrocannabinol, elicits hyperphagia in rats. preclinical PubMed 28125508
  139. 139
    Cannabis Vaping: Existing and Emerging Modalities, Chemistry, and Pulmonary Toxicology. insufficient PubMed 34622654
  140. 140
    Pharmacokinetic and Safety Evaluation of Various Oral Doses of a Novel 1:20 THC:CBD Cannabis Herbal Extract in Dogs. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 33134364
  141. 141
    Pre-puberty cannabichromene exposure modulates reproductive function via alteration of spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and eNOS pathway metabolites. insufficient PubMed 37396845
  142. 142
    Genotoxicity of selected cannabinoids in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. insufficient PubMed 39172143
  143. 143
    Pharmacological evaluation of the natural constituent of Cannabis sativa, cannabichromene and its modulation by Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 20619971
  144. 144
    Mapping the research landscape of minor cannabinoids: a bibliometric analysis of research trends and hotspots. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 41668212
  145. 145
    Development and validation of a fit-for-purpose UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the quantitation of cannabinoids in different matrices. insufficient PubMed 36854205
  146. 146
    Effect of Quantitative Structural Properties and Drug Formulation in Four Cannabinoids (Cannabidiol, Cannabigerol, Cannabichromene, and Cannabinol) on Their Lymphatic Transport after Enteral Administration in Rats. insufficient PubMed 40611782
  147. 147
    The role of tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) in metabolic disorders: A promising cannabinoid for diabetes and weight management. insufficient PubMed 40270953
  148. 148
    Investigational cannabinoids in seizure disorders, what have we learned thus far? insufficient PubMed 29842819
  149. 149
    Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabivarin on Glycemic and Lipid Parameters in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Pilot Study. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 27573936
  150. 150
    CB₁-independent mechanisms of Δ⁹-THCV, AM251 and SR141716 (rimonabant). insufficient PubMed 21740450
  151. 151
    SKNY-1, a THCV Analog, Produces Weight Loss, Lipid Normalization and Attenuation of Reward-Associated Behaviors in an mc4r(G894C) Zebrafish Model of Obesity. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 42196303
  152. 152
    Ultrafast, Selective, and Highly Sensitive Nonchromatographic Analysis of Fourteen Cannabinoids in Cannabis Extracts, Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Synthetic Mixtures, and Edibles by Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry. insufficient PubMed 38862388
  153. 153
    A Two-Phase, Dose-Ranging, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Safety and Preliminary Test of Acute Effects of Oral Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabivarin in Healthy Participants. preliminary human PubMed 37721990
  154. 154
    Effect of cannabinol, tetrahydrocannabivarin and cannabidiol on voluntary alcohol consumption. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 41947574
  155. 155
    Effect of cannabidiol, cannabinol and tetrahydrocannabivarin in managing inflammatory pain. preclinical PubMed 42151379
  156. 156
    Prevalence of ∆8-tetrahydrocannabinol carboxylic acid in workplace drug testing. insufficient PubMed 37697897
  157. 157
    Examining impairment and kinetic patterns associated with recent use of hemp-derived Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol: case studies. insufficient PubMed 35799289
  158. 158
    Neural effects of cannabinoid CB1 neutral antagonist tetrahydrocannabivarin on food reward and aversion in healthy volunteers. insufficient PubMed 25542687
  159. 159
    The effect of five day dosing with THCV on THC-induced cognitive, psychological and physiological effects in healthy male human volunteers: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot trial. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 26577065
  160. 160
    Hair Regrowth with Novel Hemp Extract: A Case Series. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 37305187
  161. 161
    Differences in Online Descriptions and Marketing of Derived Intoxicating Cannabis Products. insufficient PubMed 40131178
  162. 162
    Role of Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabivarin on Paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain in rodents. insufficient PubMed 35303507
  163. 163
    The cannabinoid Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) ameliorates insulin sensitivity in two mouse models of obesity. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 23712280
  164. 164
    Potential of Cannabinoid Receptor Ligands as Treatment for Substance Use Disorders. insufficient PubMed 31549358
  165. 165
    Cannabinoids and terpenes for diabetes mellitus and its complications: from mechanisms to new therapies. insufficient PubMed 36280497
  166. 166
    Indeterminacy of cannabis impairment and ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) levels in blood and breath. insufficient PubMed 35585089
  167. 167
    Analysis of cannabis seizures in NSW, Australia: cannabis potency and cannabinoid profile. insufficient PubMed 23894589
  168. 168
    Virodhamine relaxes the human pulmonary artery through the endothelial cannabinoid receptor and indirectly through a COX product. mechanistic or pharmacological PubMed 18806815